Stages of construction

– Excavation is the process of digging up and removing soil, rock, or materials from the construction site to prepare and shape the site for the construction of the project. To achieve a stable foundation, the earth bed is compacted.

– Underground utility construction is the process of installing and connecting underground utilities, such as sewer, electric, or water lines, that provide needed services in cities and towns.

– Backfills improve the stability of the pavement, provide an even distribution of load on the pavement, and prevent water from ponding on the pavement. For this purpose, crushed stone of different sizes is used, laid in layers. Each layer is aligned and compacted, which ensures that the pavement does not slump during operation.

– Construction of retaining walls, fences and kerbs – at this stage the pavement contours are built. They restrain, reinforce and protect it from distortion. Kerbs can also demarcate different areas in the pavement and enhance design solutions.

– Installation of point/linear drainage is the process of installing the visible drainage fixtures and grates into which rainwater is conveyed.

– The pavement is laid on a layer of sand cushion which is precisely aligned and compacted. Once the pavement has been laid on the ground it shall be compacted (tamped) and backfilled.